Causes of the Cold War Essay -- History USSR USA

Causes of the Cold War In this paper I will discuss what actions and thoughts added up to cause the cold war. The cold war lasted from September 1, 1945 to about December 25, 1991. That is about forty-five years, which is an extremely long time. The cold war was a global competition basically between two sides, the Free World, which was led by the United States of America, and the Communist World led by the Soviet Union. The struggle took place through indirect military conflict, and direct competition in the areas of economics, diplomacy, culture, space exploration, and political theory. It also involved nuclear stand offs, espionage, and global competition for other nations. The cold war has established the framework for most international and national policy decisions. The United States? goals were to defend Western Europe, contain Soviet and Communist expansion, and to prevent nuclear war. The Americans had an estimated twenty-four million veterans participating in the cold war and spent over twelve trillion dollars on it as well. The results for America were that we maintained the achievements of our victory in World War II, avoided/prevented global nuclear war, and unified Germany. We also directly freed 400 million people in ten different European nations from the bondage of Communism. We did this in the Soviet Union, East Germany, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Rumania, Bulgaria, Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania. The United States also indirectly assisted in the freeing or relieving of tension/control on the peoples of Albania, Yugoslavia, Finland, and Mongolia. Basically the two pick players in the cold war were the United States and the Soviet Union. At the end of the World War II the relations be... ...place mainly between the Soviet Union and the United States, again. The USSR got extremely annoyed not to know about America?s atom bomb in 1945. However the USSR got their own atom bomb in 1949 and then both sides began to stock up on weapons to arm themselves. The Soviets took the American bombing on Japan as an American motive to intimidate Josef Stalin of the Soviet Union. The existence of nuclear weapons prevented an all-out war, possibly a World War III, between the Soviet Union and The United States. Both sides realized that since they both have nuclear weapons what good would it be to use them, because they would destroy each other. So basically there was numerous things that took place that added up to the creation of the cold war. Nobody can pick out one event and say that it caused the cold war, because it was definitely more than one thing.

Benefit of changing to Activity Based costing system

Activity Based Costing has been of great help to the companies and other forms of businesses. With the help of ABC, the organizations have been able to implement strategies to overcome various problems facing the welfare of their businesses and other activities in the organizations. The organizations have been able to assign cost of each activity to the products and services that are offered by a particular organization. This is done for the sole purpose of elimination of high prices to some products and due to lack or low profits in other products or services.The ABC rule is used as a tool by businesses to assign the cost of the business activities to the goods and services (organization products) offered by the business to its customers. It is used as a tool that understands the customers and the product cost and the overall profitability. It is also used to in supporting the decision making process as would be used in product pricing, marketing, identification and a way to measure the initiative of improvements. IntroductionThe Activity-Based Costing (ABC) is a method used by accountants that can allow the business to collect data in regard to their operations costs. Their operations cost is then assigned to specific activities that include planning, production and other organization activities and then they are associated with the variety of products and services. This enables the company to know what products and services have increasing profits and which have increased losses, this help in learning the flow of each product and service within the company.The use of ABC method help the concerned personnel in the company to prepare an effective data that will aid in preparing budget that will bring a greater achievements in the company and enable the company to have an effective plan for the expense that will keep the company running smoothly for a given period of time. ABC method is mostly effective and is much recommended for a longer period of time over t he short term as opposed by the theory of constraints. Research objectives The objectives of this research are: †¢ To determine the effectiveness of ABC†¢ To investigate how companies implement the ABC in their activities †¢ To compare the excellence of companies that use ABC and those that don’t use ABC †¢ To determine the advantages and disadvantages of ABC Literature review The activity based costing got first implementation in the 1980s. It was a formed as an alternative to replace the traditional way of cost management systems that was not effective in producing favorable results when allocating the costs. The implementation of the system was advocated by Professor Robert Kaplan of Harvard business school.It was initially used for private business though it has currently gained usage by even the public forums like those used to measure the efficiency of the governance. The ABC programs require proper planning and great commitment from the highest mana gement. It is recommendable to start up with trials in the organization. These trials may be done with the departments that are not performing well as it would be expected of them. This would be a great chance to show that the ABC is an effective system that would save money for the company with great achievements.On the other hand, if the company des not save money on this, either the system process was not well implemented or may not be effective for the company. (Gary, 1998) According to the study, the business should first set up a team that will master the progress of the product and which activity would be appropriate for the product and service. The team should include all persons from the different departments of the company. After the formation of the team and putting in place all the required materials, the activities that cost money are determined. (Cokins, 1999 and David 1991)At this point, great attention is paid for details on each activity are required, most of the co sts might be hidden and may bring in controversy there after for the may not be obvious initially. Even though there might be some replacement to human labor, it’s still important to determine the fixed cost of a product or service. (Cokins, 2000) Even though this method is important to the business, it has some risks. The companies that use the ABC system, the risk using too much time and money while trying to implement the system and collecting data, going through it and in implementations.Lack of detailed data can lead to frustrations of the managers and can on the other hand contribute to the down fall of the system. Mistake done on the data collection can lead to downfall again if not noticed before implementation. (Joyce, 1999) Through the implementation of the activity based costing, the employees are able to understand the different costs that are involved in different activities. This enables them to analyze and identify the activities that add value to the product a nd those that do not, it helps them improve on value and benefits are realized.In the DHL Company, the employees are involved in collecting data and views from the clients; this enables them to involve themselves in quality improvement of their services and eliminate the non profitable activities that enable the overall company’s efficiency. (Henricks, 1999) The ABC system has helped the DHL Company to answer the market need in providing quality service at a better and competitive price. This system has helped the company’s to management in the decision making process. (Hicks, 1998) This has helped the company to reduce the price of their services without a decline in value of their services.(Hicks, 1999) The benefits of the ABC system are now in use in most institutions that include the government departments and the public financial institutions. The Barclays bank New York changed its accounting method to provide accurate and cost effective data. Through the change t o ABC, the Barclays bank has particularly found it helpful compared to the former funding based accounting systems that was designed for ensuring legal compliance. (Paulo, 1998) In the use of ABC, the managers are able to direct funds where they are more beneficial.They are able to learn the weaker points in the organization making it easy for them to implement the most beneficial activity in the business. (Robert, 2004) The managers in Barclays bank found that ordinary accounts were not doing much well compared to loans, they campaigned for people to take more loans at simpler rates and prolonged repayments period, and this increased to Banks profits than ever. The bank is launching new loan strategies that are expected to double the profits. (Robert and Bruns, 1987)

Mythological Creatures Mermaids Essay - 1183 Words

Mythological creatures, such as Mermaids, are believed to not be true. If mermaids did exist, however, could they survive under the environmental conditions for which they live? Honestly, yes, under the absolute circumstances and correct biological makeup a half human/half fish creature could possibly revive in our natural world. Since a mermaid’s habitat is located in the ocean, they must adapt to its characteristics. The ocean is high in oxygen levels, but low in nutrient concentration. Also stratified, it has different zones known with distinctive components for each. For example, the upper photic zone accumulates plenty of light, but light intensity decreases rapidly with depth. To determine the temperature of the zones is based upon†¦show more content†¦Partitioning in this cycle are three main blood vessels: arteries, veins, and capillaries. These networks are scattered throughout the body and blood travels in only one direction. Lastly, the heart (located behin d the sternum or breastbone) is a hollow organ enclosed of smooth muscle that accommodates 4 chambers. Working in a rhythmic cycle, it pumps blood when contracting and accumulates with blood while relaxing. Therefore, allowing mermaids and humans to perform their roles in daily life. Continuously, mermaids are categorized as vertebrates because they do in fact have a backbone. Thus, all vertebrates have cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle. First, cardiac muscle is only found in the heart. Unlike skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle can trigger action potentials without input from the nervous system because of ion channels in their plasma membrane. Resulting in the rhythmic cycles discussed earlier. Second, smooth muscles, derived in hollow organs and blood vessels, are responsible for involuntary body activities; such as churning of the stomach. Third, skeletal muscle must be attached to a rigid structure in order to be operated. This category of muscle is only found in the top half of mermaids because of their fish-like bottom. Fish are over fifty percent muscle and are mostly segments of connective tissue that splits â€Å"sheets of muscle up called myotomes†(Ramel). To actively move inShow MoreRelatedBeliefs Are A Tricky Thing1190 Words   |  5 Pagesuntrue. Throughout history, mythical creatures have been a big idea in the human mind. It started out in fairy tales and novels in the early centuries of time and has transformed greatly into the 21st century. People often see and hear about these un-human-like creatures in movies, books and even the news today. They are vividly shown to be these believable creatures hiding within society. A largely discussed mythological creature is the mermaid. The idea of mermaids has been around for centuries andRead MoreFemme Fatale : An Overview1362 Words   |  6 Pagesa mystical femme fatale that is known for being beautiful, enticing and deadly. 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